In the work-in-progress paper, we will explore the eco-cultural networks surrounding sandalwood in the Juan Fernández Islands through a study of the evolution of knowledge and ideas about nature from the early colonial era to the early nineteenth century. Examining the shifting paradigms of ecological awareness, we trace the transformation of practices related to sandalwood from early exploitation by "indios hacheros" from the Lima circuits to the emergence of Pacific commercial connections between Lima, Juan Fernández Islands, other Pacific Islands, and Canton. The paper, further, interprets the interplay of human-nonhuman networks, labour dynamics, and commercial exchanges that characterised the sandalwood trade and exploitation. By contextualising the changes in practices related to sandalwood, we aim to illuminate the nuanced ways in which perceptions of nature and ecological practices evolved within the eco-cultural fabric of the Juan Fernández Islands.