A remarkable number of birth horoscopes from Islamicate societies have survived, revealing their widespread popularity not only among the elite but also the general populace. Intriguingly, historical accounts suggest their prevalence even within the families of legal authorities during Islam's classical period─a time when astral prediction was often considered forbidden. This created a fascinating tension between faith and the allure of celestial insights for many in medieval and pre-modern Islamicate societies. Over time, despite initial resistance, astrology gained increasing acceptance, drawing the interest of philosophers, theologians, pious thinkers, and even legal scholars, particularly within the Persianate world.
The Timurid era witnessed a pivotal moment with the creation of a detailed nativity book for Iskandar, Tamerlane's grandson. This marked the beginning of a distinct elite cultural trend, leading to a surge in the production of elaborate Persian horoscopes for royal and elite newborns in the Timurid, Mughal, Safavid, Ottoman, and Qajar courts (1400–1900).
Beyond their central role in crafting birth horoscopes, court astrologers engaged in a diverse range of activities. They often accompanied rulers on journeys and provided counsel during critical political and strategic decisions. Their expertise was also sought when unusual celestial or meteorological events occurred, as these were frequently interpreted as omens requiring astrological understanding.
While anecdotes abound regarding the involvement of astrologers in various facets of courtly life, a comprehensive study of their broader historical significance remains to be undertaken. Evidence also suggests their participation in education, responsibilities within the sultan's treasury, and potential connections to the operations of the harem and other elite institutions.
This working group aims to explore the multifaceted roles and activities of astrologers within courtly settings. By investigating both their prominent duties and more routine responsibilities, this project seeks to provide a thorough understanding of their daily practices and their intellectual, cultural, and administrative impact within the court and its surrounding networks.
A key focus of the working group will be the close examination of nativity books─astrologers' most significant contributions. We will delve into their historical importance, mathematical and astrological methodologies, theological implications, cultural relevance, codicological characteristics, and literary development.
